A Systematic Literature Review Examining the Rationale and the Evidence
Authors: Carter N.D.; Kannus P; Khan K.M.
Source: Sports Medicine, Volume 31, Number 6, 1 June 2001 , pp. 427-438(12)
Source: Sports Medicine, Volume 31, Number 6, 1 June 2001 , pp. 427-438(12)
Abstract:
Falls are a major source of death and injury in elderly people. For example, they cause 90% of hip fractures and the current cost of hip fractures in the US is estimated to be about 10 billion dollars. Age-related changes in the physiological systems (somatosensory, vestibular and visual) which contribute to the maintenance of balance are well documented in older adults.
Falls are a major source of death and injury in elderly people. For example, they cause 90% of hip fractures and the current cost of hip fractures in the US is estimated to be about 10 billion dollars. Age-related changes in the physiological systems (somatosensory, vestibular and visual) which contribute to the maintenance of balance are well documented in older adults.
These changes coupled with
age-related changes in muscle and bone are likely to contribute to an
increased risk of falls in this population. The integrated
rehabilitation-based model of fall risk factors reveals multiple sites
for interventions that may reverse fall risk factors. Regular exercise
may be one way of preventing falls and fall-related fractures.
The
evidence for this contention comes from a variety of sources. On the
basis of 9 randomised controlled studies conducted since 1996, exercise
appears to be a useful tool in fall prevention in older adults,
significantly reducing the incidence of falls compared with control
groups.
However, current limitations such as inconsistencies in the
measurement of key dependent and independent variables do not, at
present, permit a meta-analysis of intervention trials. Further
investigation, using trials designed with the current limitations in
mind, is necessary to establish the optimum exercise programme to
maximise fall prevention in older adults.
Document Type: Review article
Quelle: http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/adis/smd/2001/00000031/00000006/art00003
Exercise in the prevention of falls in oder people: Full Text / pdf
http://resources.glos.ac.uk/shareddata/dms/0EEB551FBCD42A0394BE4E0235DC08D2.pdf
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