The Effect of Multidimensional Exercises on Balance, Mobility, and Fall Risk in Community-Dwelling Older Adults
Abstract
Background and Purpose.
This prospective clinical investigation examined the effects of a
multidimensional exercise program on balance, mobility,
and risk for falls in community-dwelling older
adults with a history of falling. Factors used to predict adherence and a
successful
response to exercise were identified.
Subjects.
A total of 105 community-dwelling older adults (≥65 years of age) with a
history of two or more falls in the previous 6 months
(no neurologic diagnosis) participated. They were
classified into (1) a control group of fallers (n=21), (2) a fully
adherent
exercise group (n=52), and (3) a partially adherent
exercise group (n=32).
Methods. Following evaluation,
each patient received an individualized exercise program addressing the
impairments and functional
disabilities identified during the assessment. The
control group received no intervention. Changes in performance on five
clinical tests of balance and mobility and fall
risk were compared among groups.
Results. Both exercise
groups scored better than the control group on all measures of balance
and mobility. Although both exercise
groups showed a reduction in fall risk compared
with the control group, the greatest reduction was found in the fully
adherent
exercise group. Factors associated with successful
response to exercise included degree of adherence to exercise program
and
pretest score on the Tinetti Mobility Assessment.
Conclusion and Discussion.
Exercise can improve balance and mobility function and reduce the
likelihood for falls among community-dwelling older adults
with a history of falling. The amount of exercise
needed to achieve these results, however, could not be determined from
this
study.
pdf Direktlink:
http://www.physicaltherapyjournal.com/content/77/1/46.full.pdf
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