von:Takao Suzuki, Hunkyung Kim, Hideyo Yoshida und Tatsuro Ishizaki
Link: http://www.springerlink.com/content/a2j9cwtn7a5vb3cb/
Zusammenfassung
Falls are common in elderly
people. Possible consequences include serious injuries and the post-fall
syndrome, with functional decline and limitation of physical activity.
The present randomized controlled study sought to clarify the benefits
of a combined long-term and home-based fall prevention program for
elderly Japanese women.
The subjects were individuals aged over 73
years, living at home in a western suburb of Tokyo, who had attended a
comprehensive geriatric health check. Persons with a marked decline in
the basic activities of daily living (ADL), hemiplegia, or those missing
baseline data were excluded. Fifty-two subjects who expressed a wish to
participate in the trial were randomized, 28 to an
exercise-intervention group and 24 to a control group. Baseline data for
age, handgrip force, walking speed, total serum cholesterol, serum
albumin, basic ADL, visual and auditory impairments, self-rated health,
and experience of falls did not differ significantly between the two
groups. Beginning from June 2000, the intervention group attended a
6-month program of fall-prevention exercise classes aimed at improving
leg strength, balance, and walking ability; this was supplemented by a
home-based exercise program that focused on leg strength. The control
group received only a pamphlet and advice on fall prevention.
The
average rate of attendance at exercise class was 75.3% (range, 64% to
86%). Participants showed significant improvements in tandem walk and
functional reach after the intervention program, with enhanced self
confidence. At the 8-month follow-up, the proportion of women with falls
was 13.6% (3/22) in the intervention group and 40.9% (9/22) in the
control group. At 20 months, the proportion remained unchanged, at 13.6%
in the intervention group, but had increased to 54.5% (12/22) in the
control group, which showed a statistically significant difference
between the two groups (Fisher
s exact test; P
= 0.0097).
s exact test; P
= 0.0097).
The total number of falls during the 20-month follow-up
period was 6 in the intervention group and 17 in the control group.
We
conclude that a moderate exercise intervention program plus a home-based
program significantly decreases the incidence of falls in both the
short and the long term, contributing to improved health and quality of
life in the elderly.
Quelle: http://www.springerlink.com/content/a2j9cwtn7a5vb3cb/
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